With the aim of a scientometric review, a group of researchers from India recognizes the recent research hotspots, trends, and worldwide scope of 4D printing

Smart materials including liquid crystal elastomers (LCE) and shape memory polymers (SMP) have long been used as the primary components of multifunctional composites because of

Rytis Mitkus and his team from the Technical University of Braunschweig, Germany, demonstrated the 4D printing of conductive PLA (CPLA) into the SMP structure, which

Fredric Demoly and his team proposed and answered the term along with more attractions and limitations of 4D printing in “Roadmapping 4D Printing through Disruptive

Prof. Antoine Le Duigou and David Correa outlined biomimetic methods used for the design and fabrication of 4D printed natural fiber composite actuators, such as

Smart materials in additive manufacturing (AM) is an attractive and multi-disciplinary research direction that demands more than one book, author, or discipline to talk about

Grayscale masked vat photopolymerization (MSLA) 3D printing enables the fabrication of graded structures from a single material, overcoming a major limitation of vat photopolymerization methods.

Digital Light Processing (DLP) is a high-resolution, high-speed additive manufacturing method that builds 3D parts by selectively curing photopolymerizable resins layer-by-layer. To achieve multi-color DLP

Dr. Giulia Scalet, a member of the 4D Printing Society’s Senior Board of Directors, was awarded a 1.5 million euro Starting Grant by the European Research Council for her project CoDe4Bio (COmputational DEsign for 4D BIOfabrication: harnessing programmable materials for dynamic pre-clinical cancer models).

4D printing, thus far, has shown useful applications in domains such as aerospace, automotive, and medical. In recent work, a novel class of stealthy attacks

4D printing technology allows for complex material distributions in voxelized structures, offering enormous design flexibility for shape-transforming materials. However, the tremendous design space due to

The concept of 4D printing is used in recent works by Suong Van Hoa, to develop complex composite springs and stiffeners without the need for